For women who have a regular monthly menstrual cycle, the
earliest and most reliable sign of pregnancy is a missed period.
Sometimes women who are pregnant have a very light period,
losing only a little blood. Some of the other early pregnancy signs and
symptoms are listed below. Every woman is different and not all women will
notice all these symptoms.
Feeling sick and vomiting
You may feel sick and nauseous, and you may vomit. This is
commonly known as morning sickness, but it can happen at any time of the day or
night. If you're being sick all the time and can't keep anything down, contact
your doctor.
Feeling very tired
It's common to feel tired, or even exhausted, during
pregnancy, especially during the first 12 weeks or so. Hormonal changes taking
place in your body at this time can make you feel tired, nauseous, emotional
and upset.
Changes in your
breasts
Your breasts may become larger and feel tender, just as they
might do before your period. They may also tingle. The veins may be more
visible, and the nipples may darken and stand out.
Urinating more often
You may feel the need to pee more often than usual,
including during the night.
Other signs of pregnancy that you might notice are:
constipation
an increased
vaginal discharge without any soreness or irritation
a strange taste in
your mouth, which many women describe as metallic
craving new foods
losing interest in
certain foods or drinks that you previously enjoyed, such as tea, coffee or
fatty food
losing interest in
tobacco
having a more
sensitive sense of smell than usual, for example to the smell of food or
cooking.
Am I pregnant?
As soon as you think you could be pregnant, you should check
to find out if you are. There are several ways to find out if you are pregnant:
you can have a
blood test
you can test your
urine at home with a home pregnancy test
you can have your
urine tested by your doctor
your doctor can do
an internal examination.
Once your pregnancy is confirmed, you should start thinking
about the type of care you want throughout your pregnancy and the birth. If you
are in the workforce this is also the time to find out about your rights at
work and about maternity leave.
Blood test
A blood test will give you a reliable result, even at the
earliest stage of pregnancy. Your doctor will order the blood test that will
check for the pregnancy hormone, human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), in your
blood. You can have this test done as soon as you have missed your period.
Urine test
You can buy pregnancy urine testing kits from your local
pharmacy. Make sure you follow the instructions on the test very carefully to
get the most accurate result. If you are taking fertility drugs or you are an
older woman, you may get false results. If you first do the test soon after
your missed period and the result is negative (it says you aren't pregnant),
you may want to do the test again two weeks later when the results will be more
reliable. Many home pregnancy test kits include two tests for this very reason.
You can also have a urine test done at a hospital clinic, by
your doctor, or at family planning clinics.
Internal examination
At least two weeks after your missed period, your doctor can
examine you internally to check for changes in your uterus and cervix (the
lowest part of your uterus (womb)). When you are pregnant, your doctor will be
able to tell that your cervix has changed colour and is softer. Your uterus is
already getting bigger in the first few weeks of pregnancy. Most doctors will
still do a blood or urine test to confirm your pregnancy.
Baby due date
Once you know you are pregnant your doctor or midwife will
help you work out when your baby is due (the 'estimated date of confinement' or
EDC). This is done by adding 40 weeks to the date of the beginning of your last
period.